Types of wood used and their proper wooden sleepers

Beech

Description of the wood:

Mature wood partly of the same colour, pale yellowish to reddish white; does not form a real heartwood, but partly with a circular, star-shaped, or even very irregular, cloudy, graduated red to deep brown colour inside (so-called red core). Fine-pore, homogeneously structured and without anything noticeable with the exception of mirrors on the radial surfaces.

Properties:

Medium heavy to heavy. Has high strength properties, great hardness, and abrasion resistance. Tough. Relatively strongly disappearing with little staying power. Easily and cleanly workable with all tools. Wood exposed to the weather and not permanently in contact with the soil but, with the exception of the red core, easily and thoroughly impregnable.

Oak

Description of the wood:

Sapwood and heartwood clearly distinguishable in colour. The mostly narrow sapwood is yellowish-white, the heartwood is yellow-brown in colour, and it darkens. Coarse-pored and with concise striped or flared delineation.

Eigenschaften:

Medium heavy to heavy and hard. Outstanding solidity and elasticity characteristics and great wear resistance. Shrinks very little, generally good endurance. Easy and clean to work with. Heartwood exposed to the elements and permanently in contact with the soil, almost indefinite durability under water, but very difficult to soak. Sapwood, on the other hand, is not permanent, but it is easy to impregnate.

Pine

Description of the wood:

Sapwood and heartwood clearly distinguishable in colour. Narrow to wide sapwood is yellowish-white to reddish-white in colour. Heartwood is a fresh reddish-yellow. It darkens under the influence of light to an intense reddish-brown to aged reddish-brown tone. With striking strips and flared patterns.

Properties:

Moderately heavy and moderately hard. Contains resin. Good strength and elasticity characteristics. Shrinks very little, generally good endurance. Can be machined well with all tools. When exposed to the weather and with heartwood in contact with soil, it is slightly to moderately durable and difficult to very difficult to impregnate; sapwood, on the other hand, is not weatherproof, but it is light and easy to soak.

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